Connecticut Powers into the Lead with Breakthrough Customer Battery Program

With the long-anticipated approval of its new Statewide Electric Storage Program, Connecticut has just leapfrogged the rest of New England to become the new regional leader in distributed battery storage program development.

The new program adopted by the Connecticut Public Utilities Regulatory Authority is a massive 9-year initiative that combines up-front incentives with customer performance payments to achieve a goal of 580 MW of new distributed battery deployment. That capacity goal is evenly split between commercial and residential customers.

To put the scope of this new program in context, the Massachusetts ConnectedSolutions program, which served as a model for the Connecticut program, enrolled about 840 residential battery customers in 2020. In Vermont, Green Mountain Power has placed batteries behind 3,000 residential customer meters. The Connecticut program aims to enroll 10,000 residential customers in its first three years alone.

Also notable is the Connecticut program’s commitment to equitable access. The program doubles its up-front incentive for low-income participants and those in historically underserved communities. (Massachusetts, which is currently revising its ConnectedSolutions program for the next 3-year cycle, should now follow suite.) And the Connecticut program includes other equity provisions, such as low-cost loans, leases, and an on-bill payment option. The PURA order also directs program administrators to strive to place 40 percent of the residential batteries installed under the program in low-income and historically underserved communities.

This emphasis on equitable access is important because historically, new clean energy technologies tend to be adopted by the wealthy, bypassing the low-income communities that need them the most. In the case of energy storage, its resilience and energy cost-saving benefits are critical to underserved communities, which are hit hardest by natural disasters and the associated grid outages. For example, if properly installed at multifamily affordable housing facilities, Solar+storage can provide backup power to select loads while grids are down, allowing residents to shelter in place and supporting life-sustaining equipment such as air conditioning, water pumps, refrigeration and powered medical devices. During normal operating conditions, the same solar+storage systems can reduce electricity costs and earn revenues through program incentives and net metering.

Incentive rates are high enough to support the program’s ambitious goals. For example, proposed residential upfront incentive rates start at $3,950 for an average home battery system (Note that LMI rebate rates are double the level for non-LMI customers):

In addition to the up-front battery rebate, customers will receive performance payments when they allow their utility to dispatch their battery to reduce regional peak loads. Similar to ConnectedSolutions program performance incentives in other New England states, the proposed rates are $225/kW in the summer and $50/kW in the winter.

These rates are based on extremely thorough cost-effectiveness testing. The Connecticut Green Bank, which helped to develop the program, subjected BTM battery storage to five different cost/benefit tests. Scores on the most important of these, the RIM test, show that not only will batteries pay for themselves through benefits to customers and the grid, they will also not shift costs between customers. This was an essential feature of the program for PURA, which considers the RIM test the most important.

With the range of incentives and low-cost financing offered through the Statewide Electric Storage Program, customer batteries should pay for themselves well within the lifespan of the equipment.

This has been a good summer for distributed storage in New England. Just a month ago, Maine passed legislation setting a state storage procurement goal and directing Efficiency Maine to develop a distributed storage incentive program that is likely to look a lot like those adopted in Massachusetts, Rhode Island and Connecticut. Counting GMP’s program in Vermont and the Liberty Utilities pilot program in New Hampshire, every state in New England now has a distributed battery storage program operational or in development. This makes New England a national leader in distributed storage policy development.

CEG/CESA’s new report, Energy Storage Policy Best Practices from New England: Ten Lessons from Six States, highlights some of the valuable policy lessons that can be drawn from the New England experience. A webinar highlighting this report is scheduled for August 26; learn more here.

Todd Olinsky-Paul is senior project director at Clean Energy Group and Clean Energy States Alliance. CEG/CESA’s energy storage policy work in New England is supported by generous grants from the Barr Foundation, the John Merck Fund, and CEG’s Resilient Power Project and its funders.